dojutsudojutsu is "eye techniques" there are only three known heres the first one made and only one man has it hardly any thing is known about it
rin'neganthe rin'negan is said to be owned by the god who made jutsu itself hardly nething is known about it
it has one pupil and one to two rings around it
the man that possesses it is the leader of akatsuki
byakuganthe byakugan is the gekki-genkai or "bloodline limit" of the hyuuga clan
the characteristics are then its a completely white eye in the unreleased form

in the unreleased form it gains veins around the eye and gain the power to see through objects see the entire chackra network and it has 360 degree vision
sharingganthere once was a race of crow demons called the tengu they had a few abilities sending things to other dimensions to teleport and to invade peoples minds and the king of the tengu had the ability to shape shift the kings name was sojobo
one day sojobo transformed into a human and a girl from the hyuuga clan fell in love with him about a year later they had their first son named madara uchiha he had inherited the byakugan from his mother but the blood from the tengu was added creating the sharingan the last eye jutsu
this eye was like the byakugan but had a pupil and it was red
he had the sharingan on all the time like the byakugans "perminant" white eye it was red he also could activate it to become the "mangekyo" sharingan
soon became a great shinobi and created three jutsu using he eye
the tsukuyomi (god of the moon) - it controlled peoples minds to drive them insane
the amaterasu (goddess of the sun) - to teleport objects to other dimensions
susanoo (god of the storm) - to create a storm that was like a storm made from his father's fan
he also had the power to invade peoples minds and to teleport short distances
these sound familiar to his fathers techniques because he did that on purpose
after befriending the first hokage he found his fathers true intentions they were to make a son "madara" so that he could create a stronger body for himself to take over
madara wasnt going to give in without a fight but he knew he wasnt powerful enough so he got the power of the kyuubi but even then he could only seal his father away and to break the seal you need high requirements
one to have the kyuubi's power
and two to have three mangekyo sharingan users one useing one of the three jutsu
after many years of uchiha members w/ normal people the sharingan weakened they now had different stages
the unactivated eye:
the normal eye of uchiha members nothing special

sharingan 1 tomoe:
the first activation very rare to see this state cuz mostly members go straight to one tomoe

sharingan 2 tomoe:
the main activation with two swirls usually when an uchiha achives the sharingan it usually has two tomoe it allows better perception of movement almost to the point of being able to tell what the opponent can do

sharingan 3 tomoe:
once this stage is achieved it becomes the main stage of the sharingan meaning you go right to this at activation it gives even greater perception of movement sometimes to the point of the oponent thinking you can tell the future which psychs them out giving the user really more of a chance to win
this is also the eye that madara had activated 24/7

mangekyo sharingan:
this is the fully activated form of the sharingan in this stage the tsukiyomi amaterasu and susanoo there are a few drawbacks to this eye though
one to obtain this level you must kill your best friend
two once its obtained you slowly lose your sight and the more you use it the quicker u lose your sight