Hiragana are used for words for which there are no kanji, such as particles like kara から "from," and suffixes such as ~san さん "Mr., Mrs., Miss." Hiragana are also used for words for which the kanji form is not known to the writer, is not expected to be known to the readers, or is too formal for the writing purpose. Verb and adjective inflections, for example in tabemashita (ate, tabemashita?), BE MA SHI TA are written in hiragana. In this case, part of the root is also written in hiragana. Hiragana are also used to give the pronunciation of kanji in a reading aid called furigana. The article Japanese writing system discusses in detail when the various systems of writing are used.
